Penthouse in Barefoot Beach! This 3b/2b condo offers both amazing Golf and Back Bay views from your Gulf-Facing lanai. Community has Brand new clubhouse with state-of-the-art fitness center & resort-style pool. Barefoot Beach residents enjoy walking the beach, kayaking, biking, and swimming with a choice of 2 community pools & spas. Great location minutes to exquisite Dinning along Beach Rd, the Mercato, Waterside shops and RSW Fort Myers Intl. Airport

Best-Priced New Construction Home in Weber Woods – Luxury Living on 2.5 Acres in a Prime X Flood Zone Welcome to your exceptional dream estate in the heart of Weber Woods, one of Naples’ most coveted non-HOA neighborhoods—offering the space and prestige of Pine Ridge Estates, but at a fraction of the price. This brand-new custom home is the best-priced new construction in Weber Woods, showcasing over 5,300 sq. ft. of luxury living on a lush and private 2.5-acre upland lot, all located in the highly desirable FEMA X flood zone—no flood insurance required. Thoughtfully designed for elegance and comfort, this estate features 4 spacious bedrooms plus a private den, 4.5 bathrooms, and a grand 3-car garage, with soaring ceiling heights up to 15 feet throughout. Both the Master Suite and Junior Suite open directly to your resort-style 14’ x 40’ pool, complete with a gas fireplace, outdoor kitchen, and oversized lanai—perfect for hosting or simply unwinding in serene surroundings. At the heart of the home, a chef’s dream kitchen awaits, boasting a gas cooktop, high-end appliances, large walk-in pantry, wine & beverage coolers, ice-maker, and an elegant butler’s kitchen with a separate service entrance—ideal for catering or entertaining. A stylish home office off the main entry offers a refined workspace for remote professionals or creatives. Enjoy crystal-clear drinking water from your private well with a state-of-the-art reverse osmosis system—no water bills here. This expansive estate also provides ample room for future expansion, with space for a guest house, workshop, horse barn, or additional garage—the possibilities are endless. Nestled in a quiet, upscale setting, yet just minutes from Publix, world-class shopping, dining, and Naples' white-sand beaches, this property offers the best of luxury, freedom, and value. No HOA means no restrictions and no fees—just the freedom to live your Naples lifestyle to the fullest. Don’t miss this rare opportunity to own a luxury estate in Weber Woods at unmatched value. Schedule your private tour today.

Own the last 1.01 Acre in the heart of Naples and BUILD your custom home. NO HOA fees,No rules & bylaws. The Anthony legacy is motivated to sell to the right buyer who values what this area is transforming into. This is for the right Investor, Builder, or Developer, who wants to seize this opportunity to own the last 1.01 acre of land, [buy and hold (land bank it)]. It’s the last of the 2 parcels that complete a 5-plus-acre area undergoing rezoning into an ultra-luxury community. Collier county has approved underground utilities. This lot will have access to underground utilities,gas,and electric. the longer this last 1.01-acre parcel stays on the market becomes even more valuable. A 5.9 million home is being built across the street.This land is in the heart of a highly sought-after location and is the final property in an already luxurious thriving area. Surrounded by new luxurious homes(Palisades, Cambridge Park, Ilregalo)2.9 miles from the beach, bike to Publix, library, DMV, target, food in Thought, butchers, Walgreens, Mercato, and i-75. Don't wait & miss out on the chance to be the owner of this exceptional and scarce piece of real estate. Act now and secure it. This is an opportunity not to be missed. Don't hesitate buy now have instate equity.the longer your hold, the more is being built, the less homes are available the more this will gain in value. Don't miss out . Price subject to change as DOM.

Attention Buyers: Exceptional Opportunity! Buy now and build your dream home, or secure this parcel as a long-term investment! This 1.03-acre oversized lot is the final gem in a highly exclusive and rapidly redeveloping area surrounded by ultra-luxury properties. Homes on nearby 1-acre parcels are currently selling between $5.9M and $6.4M, making this a phenomenal deal for what this neighborhood is becoming. As the surrounding 5-acre area undergoes rezoning and redevelopment, the value of this last available lot will only continue to rise. Located just 2.9 miles from the beach, you can enjoy proximity to the best of Naples, including Mercato, Publix, Target, Whole Foods, the library, Walgreens, and I-75. Luxury communities like Palisades, Cambridge Park, and Il Regalo highlight the thriving and upscale transformation of the neighborhood. What makes this even more valuable? The area has approved underground utilities, a significant upgrade that not only enhances the neighborhood's aesthetic but also increases property values—an incredible bonus for any buyer. Don't miss this rare opportunity to own the last oversized parcel in this sought-after area. The more they build, the more valuable this land becomes. Act now—secure this property and watch your investment soar! Price subject to change as days on market increase.

Panoramic Bay view from each room in this bright 8th floor end unit with an open living/dining room. Floor to ceiling hurricane impact sliding windows with motorized shades, quality craftmanship, premium hardware and plumbing fixtures. newer AC. Extra air-conditioned storage is adjacent to the unit. One assigned covered attached parking space. Allegro is one of the few buildings on Gulf Shore Blvd N, where you can walk to or along the beach on the private beach promenade. This building has just been entirely remodeled and is within walking distance to the Village on Venetian Bay with boutiques and restaurants. Boat docks are available across the street for sale or lease.

Welcome to Casa Del Sol: House of the Sun! Experience the pinnacle of modern luxury in this never-lived-in Morningside new build, perfectly positioned in the heart of Naples—just minutes from 5th Avenue and the beach. With 3,275 square feet under air and nearly 5,000 total square feet, this 5-bedroom, 4-bathroom residence blends elegant design with high-end finishes and seamless indoor-outdoor living. Soaring 12-foot ceilings, all impact glass sliders and windows, and retractable screens to enclosed covered lanai space create a bright, open ambiance, while exquisite details like coffered ceilings with wood inlays, 48x48 porcelain tile flooring, and 8.5-inch baseboards elevate the aesthetic. The chef’s kitchen is a masterpiece, featuring a 48-inch, six-burner gas cooktop with a griddle, double ovens, a pot filler, a built-in food warmer, and a stunning 12’ x 5’ waterfall quartz island. A custom-built pantry with a coffee station enhances both function and style. The primary suite is a private retreat, complete with custom closet solutions and a spa-inspired bath featuring an oversized shower with three showerheads, including a rainfall. Frameless glass showers, quartz countertops, and sleek cabinetry add a modern, sophisticated touch throughout. Designed for effortless entertaining, the outdoor oasis boasts a summer kitchen with a 36-inch grill, sink, and beverage fridge, plus a heated saltwater pool with a sunken spa. Travertine pavers and a wood-inlay ceiling add warmth and elegance. A natural gas line powers the water heater, pool heater, cooktop, dryer, and grill for ultimate convenience. Smart home features, including a Lockly Video Smart Lock, a 220V EV charger, and an irrigation well for lush landscaping, ensure comfort, security, and efficiency. This home boasts an impressive 15.5 feet of elevation, exceeding the required level—great news for future owners seeking added peace of mind and potential savings on insurance! This exceptional home delivers a rare combination of style, luxury, and location—an extraordinary opportunity to own a slice of Naples paradise.

Step into a world of luxury as you exit your private elevator and are greeted with panoramic views of the Gulf of Mexico.. This spacious, end unit with ample windows is 3,404 sq. ft. with 3-bedroom and 3.5-bathroom. The gourmet kitchen is a chef’s dream, with custom cabinetry, gleaming granite countertops, a gas cooktop, double ovens, a built-in microwave, and a wine cooler – perfect for entertaining. Unwind on the expansive lanai, which is fully enclosed with hurricane windows, with wide views of Turkey Bay and indulge in mesmerizing sunsets over the Gulf. Enjoy the ultimate resort-style living with a short ride on a private shuttle, transporting you to the exclusive **Floridian Beach Club**, where you’ll be pampered with beachside service, a full-service restaurant and bar, luxurious beach chairs, towels, and an inviting pool. The Grande Excelsior offers unparalleled amenities, including its own private pool and spa, barbecue area, two underground parking spaces, a state-of-the-art fitness room, and a Concierge Center. The prestigious Club at The Dunes, the hub of this premier coastal community offers residents true resort-style living with on-site dining, tiki bar, a tropical resort-style pool and spa, a tennis center, and a fully-equipped fitness center with personal trainers available.Pet lovers rejoice – The Dunes is pet-friendly! Indulge in the ultimate Naples lifestyle, where coastal luxury meets active beach town living. Whether you’re relaxing by the pool, enjoying a beachside meal, or exploring the vibrant amenities, this community offers everything for an unmatched luxury experience. Your coastal paradise awaits!

Experience sky-high luxury, masterfully designed to embrace breathtaking views in this sprawling 4,121-square-foot coveted "04" end residence in Horizons at Bonita Bay. From the shimmering waters of Estero Bay and the Gulf of Mexico to the lush nature preserves and championship golf course, every room is a front-row seat to unparalleled beauty. The three open terraces offer views of stunning sunrises and sunsets. Designed for grand entertaining and intimate gatherings, this residence features multiple living and dining areas that blend seamlessly within the open-concept layout. The updated kitchen showcases refaced cabinetry with a fresh, modern finish and brand-new appliances, including a refrigerator, oven/microwave, cooktop, dishwasher, and garbage disposal. The bright and airy primary ensuite bath is a private sanctuary, offering a soaking tub perfectly positioned to overlook the Gulf, a frameless glass shower entry, and finishes that elevate this spa-like retreat. The expansive bedrooms provide serene comfort, brimming with natural light. Designer custom closets offer impeccable organization. New electric hurricane shutters on all sliding glass doors provide security and peace of mind. Essential upgrades include a new water heater and air conditioners (2020/2021). Enhanced lighting, trim, and a Lutron lighting control system set the perfect ambiance, while app-controlled window treatments and sliding door/window tinting ensure privacy and efficiency. Additional enhancements extend to the guest baths and a refreshed laundry room, providing modern convenience throughout. Horizons at Bonita Bay, the Bonita Bay Club, and Bonita Bay Community Association offer an unparalleled lifestyle, with resort-style pools, a state-of-the-art fitness center, private beach access, championship golf, and more. Don’t miss your opportunity to own this masterpiece, view-inspired sanctuary where luxury and panoramic beauty converge.

This incredible beachfront condo has been completely transformed into a coastal paradise, with no detail overlooked! Having undergone a full renovation, featuring a soothing color palette of soft tones, crisp whites, and serene blues which perfectly capture the essence of beachside living. The kitchen boasts sleek, modern cabinetry in a sophisticated greige complemented by durable and stylish solid surface countertops that are both beautiful and practical. Throughout the condo, contemporary design touches elevate the space and create a luxurious yet comfortable ambiance. With it's highly sought-after 3 bedroom floorplan and unbeatable beachfront location and coming soon sparkling pool, this unit offers stunning, unobstructed views of the Gulf's turquoise waters. Whether enjoyed as a primary residence, vacation getaway or profitable rental property, this gem presents a rare opportunity to indulge in the ultimate coastal lifestyle. Please note you can have multiple approved animals as long as the combined weight is below 45lbs.

The BEST deal in the Villas At Barefoot Beach! Experience coastal luxury at its finest with this totally renovated villa nestled in the exclusive Barefoot Beach community of Bonita Springs. Boasting impeccable craftsmanship and unparalleled attention to detail, this stunning residence offers the epitome of modern living combined with the serene ambiance of beachfront living. The interior exudes sophistication with designer finishes throughout, Bertazzoni & Thermador appliances, gleaming quartz counters, walk-in butlers pantry & an open-concept floor plan that is highly sought by any buyer. Appreciate the privacy offered for all guests and occupants that take advantage of the two ensuites while maintaining your privacy and opulent lifestyle by relaxing and refreshing in the spa inspired master suite. Just steps away from barefoot beach & moments away from many renowned golf courses as well as an array of dining and shopping options. Embrace a life of true sophistication and convenience at 121 Barefoot Circle, where every detail has been thoughtfully designed to create a truly extraordinary living experience.

NEW CONSTRUCTION in CAYMAS! This new community by STOCK Development is a must see! This is your opportunity to live in the Sterling III floor plan with a nice water view! The Sterling III will offer a gas kitchen cooktop and outdoor kitchen in nearly 1000 square feet of covered lanai living space and a gorgeous custom pool and spa package with a beautifully landscaped and private view. Many options and upgrades. Caymas is set on 780 magnificent acres in a prime Naples location, offering an incomparable waterfront lifestyle in an unmatched setting enriched by exclusive amenities offering a kayak launch, golf simulator, private theater, billiards and indoor and outdoor dining, bocce, dog park and much more. The stunning 25,000 square foot clubhouse offers a variety of ways to connect with friends and neighbors. (Exterior photo is a rendering of the Sterling III Floor Plan Elevation.)

END OF SEASON LIMITED TIME INCENTIVES AVAILABLE! *INCENTIVES MUST BE APPLIED TOWARD PURCHASE PRICE, GOLF MEMBERSHIP, BEACH CLUB, CONDO FEES, CLOSING COSTS EXC. IN THIS CASE THE INCENTIVE HAS ALREADY BEEN REFLECTED IN THE PURCHASE PRICE. CERTAIN RESTRICTION APPLY. * The Island at West Bay in Estero, by Kolter Urban, is a luxurious community presenting 86 residences with stunning wraparound views. This development blends modern design comforts with the natural beauty of West Bay Club and Estero in Southwest Florida. Nestled near Naples, Florida, The Island at West Bay offers a desirable location combining coastal tranquility with luxurious amenities. Designed by Garcia Stromberg, The Island's design exceeds expectations. Each home is meticulously appointed with refined touches, from glass-walled great rooms providing panoramic views to gourmet kitchens and spa-like bath retreats. With spacious floorplan designs ranging from 3,324 to 6,300 square feet under air, residents can choose from a 4-bedroom, 4-bath residence or a 3-bedroom plus den, 4.5-bath residence. The Island's intuitive and modern design celebrates modern living at its finest, with residences on each of its 24 levels featuring dramatic terraces and luxuriously appointed interiors. Inquire with the onsite agents about the beach club, the West Bay Club as well as the multitude of onsite amenities The Island offers. ASK ABOUT DEVELOPER BUYER INCENTIVES!

LOCATION! LOCATION! LOCATION! Welcome to this Naples hidden gem community of Sienna Reserve. This beautifully maintained 45 custom home community is nestled amongst what seems endless preserve to ensure privacy, peace, and quiet. This community is fully gated and secured. The meticulous landscaping, beautiful fountains, and cobblestones add to the charm and quaintness of this pristine community. The There is a private gated entrance that takes you directly into North Collier Regional Park and onto the 2 1/2-mile walking trail. The park offers many amenities such as the Rec-Plex Fitness Complex, which boasts a basketball court and variety of fitness classes. This is a prime location that will take you to 5th Ave in 20 mins, under 10 mins to Mercato and Vanderbilt Beach, and less than 5 mins to I-75. The Zuckerman Homes Rosewood floor plan is one of the largest in the neighborhood and boasts almost 5,000 sq ft of living space. This upgraded and pristine home has been designed with attention to even the smallest of details. From the moment you walk through the front door the beauty and elegance of those details will immediately make you feel right at home. The Sonos sound system, with speakers on the first floor and outside lanai, is awaiting to play the soundtrack to your new home. The wine room and modern railings of the staircase will draw your attention upon your first steps inside. The gray and white color pallet mixed with textured accent walls enhance the beauty of this home. The large chef's kitchen is equipped with Thermador appliances, quartz countertops, large islands, eat in kitchen area, glass backsplash with pot filler make it the perfect spot to entertain. The walk-in pantry and added storage help keep clutter to a minimum. The formal living room boasts a beautiful view of the pool and preserve. The fully retractable sliding glass doors bring the tranquility of the outdoors inside. The sound of water flowing from the flow bowls of the saltwater pool, the area has been landscaped to ensure maximum space and privacy, while the custom lighting makes the preserve feel endless. The updated outdoor kitchen is perfect for grilling. It's once you go upstairs you truly realize just how large this home truly is. There is a large loft area with dry bar and beverage chiller, custom wine and cigar closet bring this space over the top. The oversized master suite has a sitting area with your very own private balcony overlooking the pool and preserve. Large master bathroom suite and massive closet boasts over 400 sq ft! There is also another 2nd master located on the 2nd fl. Over the past 3yrs, this home has had all new paint, top of the line new washer & dryer, beverage fridges, outdoor grill, turf, landscaping, saltwater pool conversion, new pump complete, and LED lighting, and added custom storage racks in garage. The remainder of AC and alarm monitoring contract can be passed along to buyer. Schedule your showing today!

Welcome to this stunning two-story home, the largest in the entire award-winning and luxurious Isles of Collier Preserve community. Overlooking the cypress waterway, this coastal five bedroom each with its own ensuite bathroom, den, two additional half baths, boasts an open floor concept. Offering an expansive gourmet kitchen and dining area decorated with an oversized island, quartz countertops, and walk-in pantry, it is great for cooking and guests. However, it is the great room that is sure to impress with its hardwood floors and tray ceilings, all while overlooking the amazing outdoor living area. Perfect for entertaining, just open the 3 sliding glass panels and step onto the travertine pool deck with oversized infinity pool, fully equipped outdoor kitchen, and cabana bath. Relax on your lanai with beautiful wood ceiling and soak in the colorful Naples sunset with the optimal SW exposure. What makes this home so special is the upstairs bonus room with a massive walk-out balcony overlooking the waterway, this room can be a 5th bedroom or entertainment room. Some additional highlights include impact glass throughout, electric storm screens, hardwood flooring, shiplap, crown molding, tray ceilings, and recessed lighting. Enjoy first-class community amenities such as trails, clubhouse with pools and fitness center, tennis, pickleball, and more, for a fraction of the cost of other communities due to low HOA fees and no CDD! Just 4 miles from downtown Naples acclaimed restaurants, fine shopping, and white sand beaches. Furnishings and Golf Cart NEGOTIABLE!

MOTIVATED SELLER HAS IMPROVED THE PRICE OF PARADISE! This SUCCESSFUL RENTAL INVESTMENT can produce revenue or, can be YOUR OWN PRIVATE OASIS! Schedule your private showing of "BIRD OF PARADISE!" Beautiful Beach vibes throughout welcome you into this bright and airy Chalet style beach home. Enjoy your new Baer's Living Room Furniture offering a peaceful Island feel. It also includes a re-upholstered, Tommy Bahama Dining room set that seats 8 comfortably. This is an entertainer's dream. As a very successful vacation Rental, it also provides a great investment opportunity. This Captiva, turnkey home, is spacious with vaulted ceilings and plenty of outdoor living space. 4 BR/4BA offers privacy for guests. 3 of the Bedrooms have a private bathroom including the lower bedroom which an efficiency suite. It sleeps 10 with plenty of room for both indoor and outdoor entertaining. The heated pool, pool table,ping pong table and outside grill offer guests a break from the beach (As if you'd want a break from the beach). Only 2 houses from beach access. This is an amazing home on magnificent Captiva Island. Please watch the videos for a full virtual experience. Sellers have made several improvements including, a new roof over the grilling area, kitchen backsplash, kitchen lanai has BRAND NEW LINOLEUM TILE, New guest-room kitchenette, new septic system and irrigation system. New mini split A/C is installed in 4th bedroom on first floor. Exterior deck was recently redone with a solid stain. Seeing is believing! This home could be yours. Please enjoy the videos and schedule a private showing to see for yourself. NO HURRICANE DAMAGE!

Nature lovers come enjoy 145 feet of waterfront living in this Key West style home that features the natural beauty of the quintessential Florida mangroves. Situated at the end of the street on a cul de sac, this Northern exposure property boasts four bedrooms plus den and loft along with three full baths. With almost 3900 square feet under air which includes a three car garage and a lower bonus/flex room, this multilevel floorplan is open and bright with soaring ceilings all bathed in natural light due to the expansive windows and pocket sliders. The wrap around screened decks allow one to enjoy the picturesque sunsets and water views of the Vanderbilt Conners area. The private boat dock and lift lend to easy boating opportunities and Gulf access by way of Wiggins Pass. Conveniently located steps from Delnor-Wiggins State Park, the Ritz Carlton, and Mercato, this property has no HOA fees or restrictions allowing for flexibility and ease. Come be a part of the magnificent Vanderbilt Beach Conners community where beach and boating lifestyles are combined into one!

This is a 7,231 sq. ft. Medical office space also zoned for general office use. Comprised of 3 separate but adjoining suites each with its own front and back doors, presently all tied together as a single medical office facility - Individual square footage: 4,400, 1,031 and 1,800. Brand new Roof, newly-covered staff parking in rear, entire exterior recently renovated, cleaned up and painted, shows well. 4 recently-installed new A/C units + one older unit, which Lessor will replace or overhaul if it should fail during the lease period. Lot is 3/4 of an acre. The new Lessee will be able to sub-lease any of the 3 office units with reasonable agreement and approval of Lessor. Very little work required to divide back into 2 or 3 offices. Initial lease rate: $24.50 per sq. ft. NNN. One of the very few office buildings in the Ft. Myers area available in the 6,000 – 9,000 sq. ft. range. 2) Excellent location: 3822 Broadway, just one block east of Cleveland Ave aka U.S. Highway 41 and less than one block north of Winkler and the Edison Mall. (One parcel south of Collier Ave.) Under a 10-minute drive to the I-75 freeway. NOTE: A 92-unit residential community complex is under construction (Latimer Crossing) just north of Collier Ave. along Hwy 41, basically just around the corner from the subject site. 3) NOTE: A church combined with a commercial office complex is located on an L-shaped property that is on the market FOR SALE asking $8,185,000, constituting of 3 buildings on 4.6 acres, located at the SWC of Broadway and Collier. This property butts up against the subject ¾ acre property along the entire north and west sides. The 4.6 acres is basically L-shaped because of the subject property. 3822 Broadway (subject property) can be purchased for $2.65 million. If someone purchases the church’s 4.6 acres and would like to have an additional 35,000 sf and end up with a 5.3 acre +/- and somewhat square piece of property with good frontage on both Broadway and Collier, purchasing both would accomplish that.

Welcome to this fully renovated 2nd floor residence overlooking the glistening Venetian Bay! The residence boasts 3 bedrooms all overlooking the bay, high end finishes throughout including wide plank white oak flooring, all marble bathrooms, quartzite Countertops, automated shades, Forno appliances, along with a generous oversized screened in balcony offering endless stunning sunsets! You are a short stroll over to the shops at Venetian Village offering fine and casual dining, a quaint morning coffee shop, Ben annd Jerry’s ice cream shop, and Park Shore Marina!!! There is a boat slip available which can be purchased if one desires. The Park Shore private guarded and gated beach access is available for a nominal fee as well. The location is unmatched being perfectly situated between the Ritz Carlton and downtown Naples.

Welcome home to 13792 Pine Villa Lane. This new listing offers an exquisite balance of both modern luxury and privacy. Discover a world of elegance as you step into this fully renovated residence. Upon entering, you are greeted by the expansive main floor dedicated to open concept living, highlighting dual islands that anchor the chef’s dream kitchen. The living room area overlooks a lush landscape and pool oasis, inviting natural light and warmth into the space. The primary suite, a haven of tranquility, features a custom-designed walk-in closet that transcends functionality, elevating it to a piece of art in its own right. Each of the additional bedrooms offer private retreats, ensuring comfort for various lifestyles. The allure of this home extends to the outdoor areas designed for entertainment and relaxation, featuring multiple areas for gathering, a glistening pool, a rejuvenating spa and sauna, all set against the backdrop of mature landscape. Situated in the heart of Fort Myers, this property grants easy access to shopping, dining, and entertainment, offering a perfect blend of serenity and accessibility while keeping you connected to the pulse of Fort Myers. 13792 Pine Villa Lane invites you to envision a lifestyle punctuated by luxury, privacy, and sophistication. Your dream home awaits – unlock the door to a world where luxury meets convenience, and every day feels like a vacation.

Experience the epitome of luxury living in this stunning Beacon floorplan, where every detail has been meticulously crafted to perfection. The Chef’s kitchen serves as a magnificent centerpiece in an expansive open-concept layout, ideal for seamless entertaining or cozy family gatherings. Venture to the second floor, where you'll find a spacious fourth bedroom complete with an en-suite bath, alongside a generous living/game area featuring a wet bar and an additional full bathroom—perfect for hosting overnight guests. Bask in breathtaking evening sunsets with unobstructed views of the western lake. Embrace the Naples lifestyle with unparalleled amenities at Esplanade by The Islands, including a Culinary Center, Bahama Bar and Grill, Resort Style Pool and Spa, Pickleball, Tennis, Wellness Center, Fitness Center, and a dedicated Lifestyle Manager. Ideally situated near pristine beaches, vibrant downtown Naples, Marco Island, and a plethora of dining, shopping, and entertainment options. Custom Pool/Spa designed by Premier Pools and Spa of Naples is included. Construction phase will begin upon contract signing. Pool construction is optional.